Mortgages and Personal Finance

For the first time in four months rates on 30-year mortgages dipped below 5 percent. According to mortgage company Freddie Mac, the average for 30-year fixed rate loans was 4.94%, down from 5.05% last week.

These low home loan rates, combined with the federal tax credit for first time homebuyers drove up the number of signed home sales contracts for the seventh straight month, the National Association of Realtors reported. The association said that its index of sales agreements rose 6.4 percent from July to 103.8, beating forecasts. The index was 12 percent higher than a year ago, matching similar reporting on home sales from the Case-Shiller home sales index.

The decline in mortgage rates is significant in that the economy appears to be picking up steam, leading many analysts to predict interest rates would start to rise. This clearly hasn’t happened yet, as last week’s rates were the lowest since May when it was 4.91 percent. Mortgage rates hit their record lowest point of 4.78 percent in the spring.

New vehicle sales plunged in September, following two bust months of car buying thanks to the government’s cash-for-clunkers program. Now that the federal buyback program has ended, most automakers experienced a double-digit decline in sales as compared to a year ago.

General Motors announced its sales dropped 45 percent, and Chrysler reported a 42 percent decline from September a year ago. Ford fared a bit better with car sales declining only 5 percent from September 2008. However, Ford did register a 5 percent uptick in sales for the entire 3rd quarter, the company’s first quarterly increase in four years.

Overseas automakers were also hard hit in September. Sales dipped 20 percent at Honda, 7 percent at Nissan, and 13 percent at Toyota.

Korean carmaker Hyundai was the lone bright spot in the industry. Hyundai said its sales rose 27 percent in September. Due to its low priced cars, the automaker has been gaining sales momentum throughout the recession.

The federal cash-for-clunkers program generated almost 700,000 sales in July and August, bolstering carmakers. The program provided up to $4,500 in credits to consumers who traded in an older, inefficient vehicle and bought a new one with better gas mileage.

In yet another sign that the national housing market is stabilizing, the latest Case-Shiller/S&P Home Price Index reports that rose 1.6 percent from June to July across 20 major metropolitan areas collectively.

This latest bump comes on the heels of a a 1.4 percent increase for the previous month and is the third straight month that prices have risen. Despite the recent good news, prices are still down over 13% year-over-year for the composite index. Prices are lower in every one of the 20 cities surveyed compared with a year ago.

Analysts warn that a range of factors, including higher unemployment, a new wave of foreclosures, and the looming expiration of the federal tax credit for new home buyers on November 30th could put the brakes on the budding housing recovery.

Here is a chart showing the Case-Shiller Index over the last year, thanks to the San Francisco Chronicle:

The metro areas that saw the biggest price increases over the last month include Minneapolis, San Francisco, Chicago, and Atlanta. Seattle and Las Vegas were the only two cities that saw a decline in prices from June to July.

If you are upside down on a car loan you’re probably scared and a little freaked out, but fear not – lots of other consumers are in your shoes. Being upside down on a car loan simply means you owe more on the loan than the car is worth.

Given how quickly cars depreciate, it’s not difficult to get upside down in a variety of situations. Many consumers get to this point and don’t even realize it until they try to sell or trade in their car and discover that their loan balance far exceeds the value of the car.

Owing more than your car is worth is not necessarily a problem if you plan to keep the car throughout the period of your loan. But if you need to sell or trade it in, you’ll need to deal with the loan. Here are few options for what to do if you are upside down on a car loan:

Roll your old loan into a new car purchase. Some car dealers will allow you add the unpaid principal of your old car loan into the loan for a new car. You would, in effect, be paying off two loans. As you can imagine, this gets expensive and is not recommended, but if you have no other options then it may be worth exploring.

Refinance your car loan. While many people refinance home loans, not as many know that you can do the same for car loans. If you bought your car a few years ago you might find that interest rates now are much lower and you can save on your monthly payments. Just be sure that your current auto lender allows prepayment of your loan.

Make extra payments. You can pay down your car loan fairly quickly by making larger payments each month, but be sure that your lender has agreed that extra payments will go to pay down the principal owed.

Use a home equity loan to pay off your car loan. If you have access to a home equity line of credit, you can probably pay off your entire car loan at once. The advantage is that you immediately get yourself out from being upside down on your car loan and have 100% ownership. Repaying a home equity loan can also have tax benefits, so check with your accountant.

According to a study released last week, state laws requiring mortgage companies to talk to homeowners before starting the foreclosure process are not working. The National Consumer Law Center, which looked at loan modification laws in 14 states, said the measures have failed to protect homeowners because they lack any sanctions for banks that don’t comply.

“There is as yet no data to confirm that foreclosure-mediation programs anywhere have led to a substantial number of affordable and sustainable loan modification programs,” the report stated. The laws on the books have the potential to help borrowers, but they lack the same bank accountability as the voluntary federal program.

For example, in California, the state law says mortgager providers cannot begin foreclosure until 30 days after they have contacted the delinquent homeowner to explore options for the borrower to avoid foreclosure. The law went into effect in September 2008 and had the immediate effect of slowing down the foreclosure process. However, the number of foreclosures in California has now returned to its previous levels.

To improve the state programs, the report suggested several changes including requiring banks to disclose to homeowners the cost of foreclosure versus the cost of loan modification; imposing sanctions on lenders that do not negotiate in good faith; and requiring proof of who actually owns the loan. The report recommends that banks certify compliance with a mediator o court before being allowed to proceed on foreclosure.